Malathion 马拉硫磷
CAS 121-75-5 MFCD00036233
化学结构图
SMILES: CCOC(=O)CC(SP(=S)(OC)OC)C(=O)OCC
化学属性
| Mol. Formula | C10H19O6PS2 |
|---|---|
| Mol. Weight | 330.38 |
| Melting Point | 2.85 ºC |
| Boiling Point | 156 ºC |
| Density | 1.0 |
| Solubility | 0.0145 G/100 ML |
| Flash Point | -18 °C |
| Stability | 对光线敏感 |
别名和识别编码
| Chemical Name | Malathion |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 121-75-5 |
| Synonym | Diethyl ((dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio)butanedioate Malafor Diethyl mercaptosuccinate S-ester with O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate Forthion Oleophosphothion Malathyne 马拉硫磷 O,O-Dimethyl S-(1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl) dithiophosphate {Chemical Malacide Diethyl mercaptosuccinate, O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate Cimexan ortho Malathion Malathion E 5 O,O-Dimethyl S-(1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl)phosphorodithioate American Cyanamid 4,049 Hilthion S-[1,2-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate 杀虫剂“4049” MALASPRAY(R) 马拉松 S-[1,2-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl] O,O-dimethyl thiophosphate Malaspray 1,2-Di(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate 8059HC 高效磷乳油(40%) Diethyl (dimethoxyphosphinothioylthio)succinate {uni_hambu 1,2-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)ethyl o,o-dimethyl phosphorodithioate Diethyl mercaptosuccinate, O,O-dimethyl dithiophosphate, S-ester FYFANON/ACUAFIN/MAESTRO Extermathion Malataf O,O-二甲基 Maltox MLT O,O-二甲基-S-(1,2-二羰乙氧基乙基)二硫代磷酸酯 Malathyl LV concentrate & ULV concentrate {uni_ham butanedioic acid, [(dimethoxyphosphinothioyl)thio]-, diethyl ester O,O-dimeth Kypfos O,O-Dimethyldithiophosphate diethylmercaptosuccinate 杀虫剂4049 Carbetovur Moscarda Malathion LV concentrate S-(1,2-Bis(aethoxy-carbonyl)-aethyl)-O,O-dimethyl-dithiophosphat Fosfothion O,O-dimethyl Mercaptothion |
| MDL Number | MFCD00036233 |
| PubChem Substance ID | 4004 |
| Beilstein Registry Number | 1804525 |
| EC Number | 204-497-7 |
| Chemical Name Translation | 马拉硫磷 |
| Wiswesser Line Notation | 2OV1YVO2&SPS&O1&O1 |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C10H19O6PS2/c1-5-15-9(11)7-8(10(12)16-6-2)19-17(18,13-3)14-4/h8H,5-7H2,1-4H3 |
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分类
- {uni_hamburg} no charge; ester; 1fragment
- {SNA} Analytical Standards, Analytical/Chromatography, CRM for chromatography, Certified Reference Materials (CRMs), Chromatography, Environmental Stand
- {Chemicalbook} 农药: 杀虫（螨）剂: 有机磷杀虫
- 2000/60/EC, Acaricides, Alpha sort, Alphabetic, Analytical Standards, Analytical/Chromatography, Chromatography, EPA, Endocrine Disruptors (Draft), Environmental Standards, European Community: ISO, DIN and DL 152, H-M, Insecticides, M, MA - MD, Method Specific, Organophorous, Pesticides, Pesticides & Metabolites
产品应用
- 校准仪器和装置；评价方法；工作标准；质量保证/质量控制；其他。
相关文献及参考
- Short: IV/20A
- Short: IV/8A
- Short: IV/20B
- Short: EINECS
- Merck: 14,5700
安全信息
GHS Symbol
- P501 Dispose of contents/container to..… 处理内容物/容器.....
- P273 Avoid release to the environment. 避免释放到环境中。
- P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. 戴防护手套/防护服/眼睛的保护物/面部保护物。
- H410 Verytoxictoaquaticlifewithlonglastingeffects 对水生生物毒性非常大并具有长期影响。
- H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction 可能导致皮肤过敏
- H302 Harmful if swallowed 吞食有害
- S24 Avoid contact with skin 避免皮肤接触；
- S46 If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label 食入时，立即求医并出示容器/标签；
- S37 Wear suitable gloves 戴适当手套；
- S60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste 该物质及其容器必须作为危险废物处置；
- S61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet 避免释放到环境中，参考特别指示/安全收据说明书；
- S2 Keep out of the reach of children 避免儿童触及；
- S62 If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label where possible 吞食后不要催吐：立即求医并出示该容器或标签；
- R11 Highly flammable 非常易燃
- R67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness 蒸汽可能导致嗜睡和昏厥
- R65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed 若吞咽可能伤害肺部器官
- R38 Irritating to skin 刺激皮肤
- R22 Harmful if swallowed 吞咽有害
- R50/53
- R43 May cause sensitisation by skin contact 皮肤接触会产生过敏反应
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 193 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 129,699,1968
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mou
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Or
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 570 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research.
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - food intake (animal) REFERENCE : IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,455,1971
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - wild bird species DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : AECTCV Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Bacillus subtilis DOSE/DURATION : 1 nmol/plate REFERENCE : MSERDS Microbiology Series. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,93,
{hazard_cTYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Multiple routes TEST SYSTEM : Fish - not otherwise specified DOSE/DURATION : 200 nL/L REFERENCE : JFIBA9 Journal of Fish Biology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,13,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 204,283,1988
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorgan
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary DOSE/DURATION : 303 mg/L REFERENCE : EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster DOSE/DURATION : 4 ug/L REFERENCE : FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxico
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary DOSE/DURATION : 300 umol/L REFERENCE : JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 43920 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : multigenerations TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects REFERENCE : NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription D
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 5550 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 91 day(s) pre-mating
female 1-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
REFERENCE :
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub.,
1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,267,1984TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE : 80 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : male 2 day(s) pre-mating TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct REFERENCE : BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,458,1976
其他信息
- 用途一:属低毒非内吸性杀虫、杀螨剂，广泛用于农业和园艺，也可用作家庭卫生用药
- 方法一:酯化 由顺丁烯二酸（或酐）与乙醇在硫酸催化下生成顺丁烯二酸二乙酯。采用苯作溶剂，利用苯、乙醇、水三元共沸脱水，以利于酯化反应进行。 合成 O，O-二甲基二硫代磷酸（详见乐果的制备方法）与顺丁烯二酸二乙酯加成得马拉硫磷。O，O-二甲基硫代磷酸与顺丁烯二酸二乙酯的配比为1:1.15，反应温度55 ≤70℃，反应时间约7h。
- MOL 文件:121-75-5.mol
- 上游原料:乙醇 --> 甲醇 --> 马来酸酐 --> 五硫化二磷 --> 苯乙醇 --> 二甲基硫 --> 搪玻璃反应锅 --> 马来酸 --> 石油原油 --> 乐果 --> 二甲基二硫代磷酸酯 --> 马来酸二乙酯
- 急救治疗:[1]用阿托品1～5mg皮下或静脉注射(按中毒轻重而定) [2]用解磷定0.4－1.2g静脉注射(按中毒轻重而定) [3]禁用吗啡、茶硷、吩噻嗪、利血平。 [4]误服立即引吐 、洗胃、导泻(清醒时才能引吐)。
- 类别:农药
- 图谱信息:马拉硫磷(121-75-5)质谱(MS)
- 有机磷杀虫剂:对硫磷、甲基对硫磷、甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷、水胺硫磷、杀螟松、乐果、氧化乐果、内吸磷、敌敌畏、马拉硫磷、辛硫磷、久效磷、甲拌磷、毒死蜱、三唑磷、甲基异柳磷、敌百虫、伏杀磷、三硫磷、甲拌磷、稻丰散、乙硫磷、杀扑磷、丙溴磷、喹硫磷、敌百虫、敌敌畏、二溴磷、磷胺、倍硫磷、特普（TEPP）、治螟磷（苏化203）、异丙威。其中主要品种为毒死蜱，目前制约国内毒死蜱生产与发展最大的瓶颈不是产能过剩而是其专用中间体三氯吡啶醇钠合成过程中大量难以治理的含盐废水，因此未来开发重点将是通过四氯吡啶水解酸化路线合成三氯吡啶醇钠。
- 中毒症状:急性中毒多在12小时内发病，口服立即发病。 轻度：头痛、头昏、恶心、呕吐、多汗、无力、胸闷、视力模糊、胃口不佳等，全血胆碱酯酶活力一般降 至正常值的70－50% 中度：除上述症状外还出现轻度呼吸困难、肌肉震颤 、瞳孔缩小、精神恍惚、行走不稳、大汗、流涎、腹疼、腹泻。重者还会出 现昏 迷、抽搐、呼吸困难、口吐白沫、大小便失禁，惊厥，呼吸麻痹。
- 灭火剂:水、泡沫、二氧化碳、砂土。
- 用途二:低毒、广谱的杀虫、杀螨剂。具有触杀、胃毒作用，也有微弱的熏蒸作用，无内吸作用。由于杀伤力
- 用途三:马拉硫磷是高效低毒杀虫、杀螨剂，防治范围广。不仅用于稻、麦、棉，而且因毒性低、残效短，也用于蔬菜、果树、茶叶，以及仓库的防虫。主要防治稻飞虱、稻叶蝉、棉蚜、棉红蜘蛛、麦粘虫、豌豆象、大豆食心虫、果树红蜘蛛、蚜虫、粉蚧壳虫、巢蛾、蔬菜黄条跳、菜叶虫、茶树上的多种蚧类，以及蚊、蝇幼虫和臭虫等。
- 毒性分级:高毒
- 使用方法:1．麦类作物害虫的防治 防治粘虫、蚜虫、麦叶蜂，用45%乳油1000
- {Chemica
- 原药:马拉硫磷又称马拉松，英文malathion，分子式C10H19O6PS2,纯品常温下为无色
- Sigma Aldrich:121-75-5(sigmaaldrich)
- 原药:马拉硫磷又称马拉松，英文malathion，分子式C10H19O6PS2,纯品常温下为无色或浅黄油状液体，有蒜臭味，工业品带深褐色，有强烈气味。挥发性小，熔点2.85℃。微溶于水，可与大多数有机溶剂混溶。不稳定，在PH为5.0以下活PH7.0以上都容易水解失效，PH为12以上迅速分解，遇铁、铝、金属时也能促其分解。对光和热不稳定。马拉硫磷具有良好的触杀和一定的熏蒸作用，非内吸性杀虫杀螨剂。进入虫体后氧化成马拉氧磷，从而更能发挥毒杀作用，而进入温血动物时，则被在昆虫体内所没有的羧酸酯酶水解，因而失去毒性。马拉硫磷毒性低，残效期短，对刺吸式口器和咀嚼式口器的害虫都有效。适用于防治烟草、水稻、棉花、大豆、蔬菜、果树、林木、茶和桑树等作物上的鳞翅目、鞘翅目等昆虫。也可用于防治仓库害虫。
- 储运特性:库房通风低温干燥; 与氧化剂、食品添加剂分开存放
- 职业标准:TWA 10 毫克/立方米; STEL 20 毫克/立方米
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